Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb ntawm zeolite yog raws li hauv qab no:
1. Porous qauv: Zeolite yog tsim los ntawm me me tetrahedral units (xws li SiO4 thiab AlO4). Cov koog no tau txuas nrog cov pa oxygen atoms los ua ib qho peb - lub cev pob txha pob txha. Muaj ntau cov pores tsis tu ncua lossis tsis xwm yeem hauv cov pob txha, thiab cov pores tuaj yeem ua kom haum cov dej molecules thiab Lwm cov molecules me me, xws li hlau ions, roj molecules, thiab lwm yam. Qhov pore loj ntawm zeolite feem ntau yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 0.2-1.5 nanometers, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev tshuaj ntsuam molecular.
2. Strong exchangeability: Aluminium atoms nyob rau hauv lub zeolite skeleton yuav ua rau lub cev tsis zoo nqi. Yuav kom tswj tau cov hluav taws xob nruab nrab, yuav muaj qee qhov zoo cations nyob rau hauv lub cev pob txha, xws li sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, thiab lwm yam. Cov cations no tuaj yeem pauv nrog dej molecules lossis lwm yam cations hauv kev daws, yog li hloov cov khoom thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm zeolite. Lub peev xwm pauv ntawm zeolite yog feem ntau ntawm 0.5-3.5 mmol / g, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sib pauv ion.
3. High adsorption: Vim tias cov qauv zeolite yog ntxeem tau thiab them nyiaj, nws tuaj yeem nqus dej molecules los yog lwm cov molecules me me, xws li ammonia, methane, benzene, thiab lwm yam. Nws yog feem ntau ntawm 0.1-0.5 g / g, uas tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig ntawm adsorption thiab sib cais.
4. Zoo catalysis: Ntxiv nrog rau lub cev adsorption thiab ion pauv kev ua haujlwm, zeolite kuj muaj cov tshuaj catalysis. Nws tuaj yeem ua kom nrawm lossis txhawb nqa qee yam tshuaj lom neeg, xws li tawg, isomerization, redox, thiab lwm yam. Zeolite catalysts muaj qhov zoo ntawm kev xaiv siab, siab ruaj khov, thiab kev ua haujlwm siab, thiab tuaj yeem ua tiav catalytic conversion teebmeem.